How do I remove a steering wheel to access the hydraulics behind the panel?
I need to get behind the helm panel to inspect the hydraulic steering connections, but the steering wheel is in the way. How do I remove it without damaging the shaft or helm pump?
Answer
Remove the wheel's centre cap, loosen the retaining nut and pull the wheel straight off the shaft, using a suitable hub puller if it is stuck. Removing the wheel normally leaves the hydraulic circuit sealed, but check the panel fixings and rear access first, as you may be able to reach the connections without removing it.
Check access and steering type
Look underneath and behind the dashboard for an inspection hatch, removable lining or access from an adjacent locker. Removing the wheel only clears the front of the panel. The helm pump is usually secured separately, with its hydraulic connections behind it.
Identify the steering manufacturer and model before undoing anything. SeaStar, BayStar, Ultraflex and other hydraulic helms have different mounting arrangements. An older yacht may have mechanical steering at the wheel and separate hydraulics for the autopilot.
Owners of a 1988 Hallberg-Rassy 42 hardtop, for example, found that a seized wheel needed an extractor. Their experience is useful when tackling a stubborn hub, though the steering equipment may have changed since the boat was built.
Secure the boat alongside, switch off the engine and autopilot, and isolate electrical supplies to equipment on any panel you intend to move.
Release the wheel
- Photograph the assembly. Record the wheel position and the order of any washers, spacers and locking devices. Put a cloth below the hub to catch small parts.
- Remove the centre cap. It may clip in, unscrew or be held by small screws. Check around the edge and underneath before levering. Use a plastic trim tool on a clipped cap.
- Check what holds the wheel. Most conventional wheels have a central nut and washer, but some use a hub adaptor, locking screw or quick-release fitting.
- Loosen the nut. Use a correctly fitting socket and hold the wheel firmly. Remove any split pin or locking device first. Leave the nut engaged by several threads while freeing the hub to stop the wheel suddenly coming off into your face.
- Try a straight pull. Grip near the hub and pull evenly, with gentle alternating pressure. Avoid hauling hard on the outer rim.
A common hydraulic helm arrangement uses a nominal 3/4-inch tapered shaft with a key, although splined shafts and other sizes exist. The shaft size does not tell you the retaining-nut size.
Free a seized hub
If hand pressure does not release the hub, apply a small amount of penetrating oil at the hub-to-shaft joint and give it time to work. Keep it off instruments, upholstery and plastic trim.